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Food, drink and fibre processing

Bakery manufacturer financial model, built free.

A three-statement Excel model for a bakery manufacturer, built from your own figures and checked to balance.

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We use generative AI in parts of our process, so mistakes can occur. Every model should be checked by a person before it is relied on. Read more

The business

Bakes bread, buns, wraps and cakes in plants running around the clock and delivers them daily to supermarkets, convenience stores and foodservice on its own routes, with flour and energy costs, route delivery and unsold returns shaping margins.

In short

  • 01

    Three linked statements

    Income statement, balance sheet and cash flow, linked in every period.

  • 02

    Valued two ways

    Discounted cash flow and trading multiples, side by side.

  • 03

    Monthly to annual

    Monthly, quarterly, half-yearly or annual periods, for up to 30 years.

  • 04

    Checked every period

    A Checks sheet shows the balance sheet balances and the cash reconciles.

The sample

The sample, as Excel draws it.

Built by the same system and checks as yours: its structure and its inputs, ready for your own figures.

Annual · 10 years · Low detail
Bakery manufacturer sample model.xlsx
The How It Works sheet of the sample bakery manufacturer model

The sample describes no real business. Yours is calibrated to your own figures, so its results are your business’s.

How it works

How the model works for a bakery manufacturer.

  1. How it earns revenue3 formulas
    Product-range sales · All product ranges
    Gross salesVolume soldPrice to retailer per unit
    Trade spend (gross to net) · All product ranges
    Trade spendGross salesfrom product-range salesTrade spend (% of gross sales)
    Synergies · Valuation and analysis
    Cost synergiesRun-rate cost synergiesCost synergies achieved (share of run-rate)CPI index (1.00 in the first year)share of the year
  2. What drives its costs3 formulas
    Product cost of goods and gross profit · All product ranges
    Standard cost per unitMaterials and ingredientsPackagingConversion labourPlant overheadInbound freight
    Product cost of goods and gross profit · All product ranges
    Cost of goods soldVolume soldfrom product-range salesStandard cost per unit
    Product cost of goods and gross profit · All product ranges
    Net salesGross sales (product-range sales)from product-range salesTrade spend (trade spend (gross to net))from gross to net
  3. What it invests in3 formulas
    Plant capex and depreciation · All plants
    Plant capital expenditureSustaining capexGrowth capex
    Plant capex and depreciation · All plants
    Plant depreciationDepreciation of existing assetsDepreciation of sustaining additionsProject 1 depreciation (from commissioning)from from commissioningProject 2 depreciation (from commissioning)from from commissioningProject 3 depreciation (from commissioning)from from commissioning
    Plant capex and depreciation · All plants
    Closing net book valueOpening net book valuePlant capital expenditurePlant depreciation
  4. How it is funded3 formulas
    Debt
    RepaymentsScheduled repaymentsPrepayments from an equity raise and the cash sweep
    Debt
    Closing balanceOpening balanceDrawdownsRepayments
    Debt
    Interest expenseOpening balanceAll-in interest rateshare of the year
  5. How profit becomes cash3 formulas
    Working capital
    Trade receivablesRevenuefrom statementsDebtor daysDays in period
    Working capital
    InventoryDirect costs (positive)from statementsInventory daysDays in period
    Working capital
    Trade payablesCash operating costs (positive)from statementsCreditor daysDays in period
What it covers

27 parts, each one tested.

Every part is a tested building block with its own checks: yours is put together from the ones your business needs.

  • CPI forecastConsensus curve with long-run anchor
  • Operating expensesHeadcount build by function
  • Corporate costsFixed cost base indexed to CPI
  • Working capitalFull working capital
  • Income taxCorporate rate with tax losses
  • DebtAmortising term loan
  • Discounted cash flow valuationDCF on free cash flow to the firm
  • Multiples valuationEV / EBITDA multiple
  • Commodity price deckFlat real pricesPrice paths for the farm, fish and forest commodities in the model — grain, oilseeds, cotton, sugar, beef, lamb, pork, wool, milk, fish, logs, fertiliser and feed — that sales and cost methods read as indices.
  • Key-metric summaryLast-twelve-month and run-rate metrics
  • Covenant tests and headroomLVR, gearing and ICR for property
  • Sources and uses at completionEntry multiple with debt sized in turns of EBITDA
  • Management equity and ratchetsFixed management share or option pool
  • Exit valuation and timingExit multiple of LTM EBITDA
  • Sponsor returns and value creationValue creation bridge
  • SynergiesRun-rate synergies with phasing
  • Discount rate (WACC)CAPM at target gearing
  • Distribution and logisticsLogistics % of sales
  • Product-range salesDistribution × rate of sale
  • Trade spend (gross to net)Trade spend % of gross sales
  • Product cost of goods and gross profitUnit cost build
  • Advertising and promotion (A&P)A&P % of net sales
  • Capacity and productionOperating days × daily rate
  • Direct labourFixed plus variable labour
  • MaintenanceFixed plus cost per unit
  • Plant capex and depreciationSustaining capex plus growth projects
  • Energy and carbonEnergy intensity × price
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See a finished model, sheet by sheet

The sample is built on illustrative figures and describes no real business. Models are calculations prepared from the information you provide. They are not financial advice and must be independently verified. See our terms.