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Hardware and semiconductors

IT hardware manufacturer financial model, built free.

A three-statement Excel model for an IT hardware and devices maker, built from your own figures and checked to balance.

  • Free account
  • No card
  • Usually ready within the hour

We use generative AI in parts of our process, so mistakes can occur. Every model should be checked by a person before it is relied on. Read more

The business

Designs and sells PCs, smartphones, servers, storage, printers or peripherals through channel partners and direct, with components (memory, processors) as the main cost and attached services and financing.

See the sampleHow the model works

In short

  • 01

    Three linked statements

    Income statement, balance sheet and cash flow, linked in every period.

  • 02

    Valued two ways

    Discounted cash flow and trading multiples, side by side.

  • 03

    Monthly to annual

    Monthly, quarterly, half-yearly or annual periods, for up to 30 years.

  • 04

    Checked every period

    A Checks sheet shows the balance sheet balances and the cash reconciles.

The sample

The sample, as Excel draws it.

Built by the same system and checks as yours, on illustrative figures: every sheet as Excel draws it, or live.

Annual · 10 years · Low detail
IT hardware manufacturer sample model.xlsx
The Summary sheet of the sample IT hardware manufacturer model

Illustrative figures: the sample describes no real business. The live preview shows values; your model’s Excel file has every formula.

How it works

How the model works for an IT hardware manufacturer.

  1. How it earns revenue3 formulas
    Pricing and pass-through · Product line 1
    Product sales revenueUnits soldfrom sales volumes by productAverage selling price
    Pricing and pass-through · Product line 1
    Average selling priceAverage selling price at the start datePrice index
    Device sales and cost · All device lines
    Device revenueUnits shippedAverage selling price
  2. What drives its costs3 formulas
    Warranty provisions · Across the business
    Warranty expenseProduct sales revenuefrom all unitsWarranty expense as % of revenue
    Warranty provisions · Across the business
    Warranty provisionOpening provisionWarranty expenseWarranty claims paid
    Operating expenses · Across the business
    Total FTEsOperations and deliverySales and marketingTechnologyFinance, HR and administration
  3. What it invests in3 formulas
    Corporate fixed assets
    Capital expenditureRevenuefrom statementsCapex as % of revenueAdditional planned capex
    Corporate fixed assets
    DepreciationDepreciation of the opening asset baseDepreciation of new capex
    Corporate fixed assets
    Closing net book valueOpening net book valueCapital expenditureDepreciation
  4. How it is funded3 formulas
    Debt
    RepaymentsScheduled repaymentsPrepayments from an equity raise and the cash sweep
    Debt
    Closing balanceOpening balanceDrawdownsRepayments
    Debt
    Interest expenseOpening balanceAll-in interest rateshare of the year
  5. How profit becomes cash3 formulas
    Working capital
    Trade receivablesRevenuefrom statementsDebtor daysDays in period
    Working capital
    InventoryDirect costs (positive)from statementsInventory daysDays in period
    Working capital
    Trade payablesCash operating costs (positive)from statementsCreditor daysDays in period
What it covers

23 parts, each one tested.

Every part is a tested building block with its own checks: yours is put together from the ones your business needs.

  • Exchange rate (US dollar)Exchange rate by financial year
  • Operating expensesHeadcount build by function
  • Corporate costsFixed cost base indexed to CPI
  • Working capitalFull working capital
  • Income taxCorporate rate with tax losses
  • Corporate fixed assetsStraight-line over remaining life
  • DebtAmortising term loan
  • Equity raisingDistribution reinvestment plan
  • Dividends and distributionsPayout of net profit
  • Discounted cash flow valuationDCF on free cash flow to the firm
  • Multiples valuationEV / EBITDA multiple
  • Hardware service and support contractsAttach rate with ratable recognitionExtended warranty, support and maintenance contracts on the installed base of devices, systems or tools, billed in advance and recognised over their term.
  • InventoryWeighted average cost
  • Warranty provisionsWarranty as % of revenue
  • Key-metric summaryLast-twelve-month and run-rate metrics
  • Case selectionStackable stress toggles
  • R&D and capitalised developmentGross R&D × capitalisation rateResearch and development expense after capitalisation, with the capitalised software asset and its amortisation.
  • Sales and marketing not attributed to plansPercentage of revenueEntity-level sales and marketing for businesses without product plans (marketplaces, payments, ad platforms, game studios) and for central brand spend deliberately not allocated to plans.
  • CPI forecastCPI glide path
  • Capacity and productionFeed × conversion yield
  • Sales volumes by productBase units × growth
  • Pricing and pass-throughPrice with annual increases
  • Device sales and costUnits × ASP at gross marginHardware unit sales, revenue and cost of goods for a device line, including handsets sold by telcos.
Key numbers

The numbers it tracks.

  1. 01units by product
  2. 02ASP
  3. 03hardware gross margin
  4. 04services attach
  5. 05channel inventory
  6. 06cash conversion cycle
  7. 07EPS
Used for

What it is used for.

Also used for
  • Scenarios and sensitivities
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Looking for an IT hardware manufacturer financial model template? Ours arrives built for your business, with your figures in it.

See a finished model, sheet by sheet

The sample is built on illustrative figures and describes no real business. Models are calculations prepared from the information you provide. They are not financial advice and must be independently verified. See our terms.