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Farming, fishing and forestry

Greenhouse grower financial model, built free.

A three-statement Excel model for a greenhouse and protected-cropping grower, built from your own figures and checked to balance.

  • Free account
  • No card
  • Usually ready within the hour

We use generative AI in parts of our process, so mistakes can occur. Every model should be checked by a person before it is relied on. Read more

The business

Grows tomatoes, cucumbers, capsicums, berries or leafy greens under glass or polytunnels on supply programs with supermarkets, with earnings driven by yield per square metre, price and energy costs.

In short

  • 01

    Three linked statements

    Income statement, balance sheet and cash flow, linked in every period.

  • 02

    Valued two ways

    Discounted cash flow and trading multiples, side by side.

  • 03

    Monthly to annual

    Monthly, quarterly, half-yearly or annual periods, for up to 30 years.

  • 04

    Checked every period

    A Checks sheet shows the balance sheet balances and the cash reconciles.

The sample

The sample, as Excel draws it.

Built by the same system and checks as yours: its structure and its inputs, ready for your own figures.

Annual · 10 years · Low detail
Greenhouse grower sample model.xlsx
The How It Works sheet of the sample greenhouse grower model

The sample describes no real business. Yours is calibrated to your own figures, so its results are your business’s.

How it works

How the model works for a greenhouse grower.

  1. How it earns revenue2 formulas
    Crop sales and prices · All crops
    Farmgate price per tonnePort price per tonneFreight to port per tonneReceival, handling and port charges per tonneLevies per tonne
    Crop sales and prices · All crops
    Crop sales at the farm gateValue of the crop at portFreight, handling and levies deducted
  2. What drives its costs3 formulas
    Crop growing costs · All crops
    Crop growing and harvest costsGrowing costsHarvest, freight, levies and insurance
    Operating expenses · Across the business
    Total FTEsOperations and deliverySales and marketingTechnologyFinance, HR and administration
    Operating expenses · Across the business
    Total average FTEsOperations and deliverySales and marketingTechnologyFinance, HR and administration
  3. What it invests in3 formulas
    Growing crops and harvested produce at fair value · All crops
    Growing crops at period end (costs incurred to date)Area plantedGrowing costs per hectare from planting to harvestShare of the growing season completed at period end (crop in the ground)from crop area and production
    Growing crops and harvested produce at fair value · All crops
    Movement in growing cropsGrowing crops at period end (costs incurred to date)Growing crops at period start
    Corporate fixed assets
    Capital expenditureRevenuefrom statementsCapex as % of revenueAdditional planned capex
  4. How it is funded3 formulas
    Debt
    RepaymentsScheduled repaymentsPrepayments from an equity raise and the cash sweep
    Debt
    Closing balanceOpening balanceDrawdownsRepayments
    Debt
    Interest expenseOpening balanceAll-in interest rateshare of the year
  5. How profit becomes cash3 formulas
    Working capital
    Trade receivablesRevenuefrom statementsDebtor daysDays in period
    Working capital
    InventoryDirect costs (positive)from statementsInventory daysDays in period
    Working capital
    Trade payablesCash operating costs (positive)from statementsCreditor daysDays in period
What it covers

21 parts, each one tested.

Every part is a tested building block with its own checks: yours is put together from the ones your business needs.

  • CPI forecastConsensus curve with long-run anchor
  • Operating expensesHeadcount build by function
  • Working capitalFull working capital
  • Income taxCorporate rate with tax losses
  • Corporate fixed assetsStraight-line over remaining life
  • DebtAmortising term loan
  • Equity raisingDistribution reinvestment plan
  • Discounted cash flow valuationDCF on free cash flow to the firm
  • Multiples valuationEV / EBITDA multiple
  • Commodity price deckFlat real pricesPrice paths for the farm, fish and forest commodities in the model — grain, oilseeds, cotton, sugar, beef, lamb, pork, wool, milk, fish, logs, fertiliser and feed — that sales and cost methods read as indices.
  • LeasesLease register
  • Key-metric summaryLast-twelve-month and run-rate metrics
  • Covenant tests and headroomLVR, gearing and ICR for property
  • Feasibility metricsCash-flow returns
  • Sources and uses of fundsBalanced sources and uses
  • Completed valueCapitalised income
  • Seasonal conditions and climate riskLong-run average seasonA season factor that scales yields, carrying capacity, receivals, input demand (or, for ski resorts, snow and skier visits) for drought, average and good years.
  • Crop area and productionArea × average yieldHectares planted and tonnes harvested for each crop and season.
  • Crop sales and pricesPort price less supply-chain costsRevenue from the harvested crop — the price achieved and when it is sold (unsold grain is inventory).
  • Crop growing costsPer-hectare plus per-tonne costsVariable costs of growing and harvesting a crop — seed, fertiliser, chemicals, fuel, contract services, freight, levies and insurance.
  • Growing crops and harvested produce at fair valueCost as a proxy for fair valueCrops in the ground and produce at the point of harvest carried at fair value less costs to sell (AASB 141), with the movement taken to profit.
Key numbers

The numbers it tracks.

  1. 01kg per square metre
  2. 02price per kg
  3. 03energy cost per square metre
  4. 04EBITDA per hectare under glass