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Farming, fishing and forestry

Orchard and vineyard financial model, built free.

A three-statement Excel model for an orchard, nut and vineyard grower, built from your own figures and checked to balance.

  • Free account
  • No card
  • Usually ready within the hour

We use generative AI in parts of our process, so mistakes can occur. Every model should be checked by a person before it is relied on. Read more

The business

Grows tree fruit, nuts, citrus, avocados or wine and table grapes on planted blocks that take years to reach full production, selling the crop domestically, for export or to wineries.

See the sampleHow the model works

In short

  • 01

    Three linked statements

    Income statement, balance sheet and cash flow, linked in every period.

  • 02

    Valued two ways

    Discounted cash flow and net asset value, side by side.

  • 03

    Monthly to annual

    Monthly, quarterly, half-yearly or annual periods, for up to 30 years.

  • 04

    Checked every period

    A Checks sheet shows the balance sheet balances and the cash reconciles.

The sample

The sample, as Excel draws it.

Built by the same system and checks as yours: its structure and its inputs, ready for your own figures.

Annual · 10 years · Low detail
Orchard and vineyard sample model.xlsx
The How It Works sheet of the sample orchard and vineyard model

The sample describes no real business. Yours is calibrated to your own figures, so its results are your business’s.

How it works

How the model works for an orchard and vineyard.

  1. How it earns revenue3 formulas
    Water entitlements and allocations · All water entitlements
    Sales of surplus allocationSurplus allocation soldTemporary water price per megalitreTrading costs (share of the temporary price)
    Water entitlements and allocations · All water entitlements
    Water charges and purchasesFixed entitlement chargesUsage charges on water deliveredTemporary water bought
    Water entitlements and allocations · All water entitlements
    Water allocatedEntitlement ML-years held (entitlement × years)Allocation announced (share of entitlement)
  2. What drives its costs3 formulas
    Orchard growing and harvest costs · All orchard blocks
    Orchard growing and harvest costsCultural costsHarvest, packing and freight
    Operating expenses · Across the business
    Total FTEsOperations and deliverySales and marketingTechnologyFinance, HR and administration
    Operating expenses · Across the business
    Total average FTEsOperations and deliverySales and marketingTechnologyFinance, HR and administration
  3. What it invests in3 formulas
    Farmland value · All farms
    Depreciation of farm improvementsDepreciation of existing improvementsDepreciation of new improvements (from mid-period)
    Farmland value · All farms
    Improvements at period endImprovements at period startImprovements capexDepreciation of farm improvements
    Farmland value · All farms
    Farmland and improvementsLand at costImprovements at period end
  4. How it is funded3 formulas
    Distribution waterfall and carried interest · Across the business
    Manager's share above the hurdle (carried interest)Distributions above the hurdleInvestors' share above the hurdle
    Distribution waterfall and carried interest · Across the business
    Distributions to investorsTo investors until the hurdle is metInvestors' share above the hurdle
    Debt
    RepaymentsScheduled repaymentsPrepayments from an equity raise and the cash sweep
  5. How profit becomes cash3 formulas
    Working capital
    Trade receivablesRevenuefrom statementsDebtor daysDays in period
    Working capital
    InventoryDirect costs (positive)from statementsInventory daysDays in period
    Working capital
    Trade payablesCash operating costs (positive)from statementsCreditor daysDays in period
What it covers

24 parts, each one tested.

Every part is a tested building block with its own checks: yours is put together from the ones your business needs.

  • CPI forecastConsensus curve with long-run anchor
  • Exchange rate (US dollar)Exchange rate by financial year
  • Operating expensesHeadcount build by function
  • Corporate costsFixed cost base indexed to CPI
  • Working capitalFull working capital
  • Income taxCorporate rate with tax losses
  • DebtAmortising term loan
  • Discounted cash flow valuationDCF on free cash flow to the firm
  • Net asset valueBook net asset value
  • Commodity price deckFlat real pricesPrice paths for the farm, fish and forest commodities in the model — grain, oilseeds, cotton, sugar, beef, lamb, pork, wool, milk, fish, logs, fertiliser and feed — that sales and cost methods read as indices.
  • Seasonal conditions and climate riskSeason type by yearA season factor that scales yields, carrying capacity, receivals, input demand (or, for ski resorts, snow and skier visits) for drought, average and good years.
  • Key-metric summaryLast-twelve-month and run-rate metrics
  • Budget phasingSeasonal profile of twelve monthly weights
  • Covenant tests and headroomLVR, gearing and ICR for property
  • Feasibility metricsCash-flow returns
  • Distribution waterfall and carried interestHurdle then split
  • Discount rate (WACC)CAPM at target gearing
  • Completed valueCapitalised income
  • Farmland valueHeld at costValue of farmland and fixed improvements — held at cost, revalued, or at fair value for leased-out farms.
  • Water entitlements and allocationsAllocation for own irrigationWater available from each entitlement holding — its allocation, use, trade and charges — and its carrying value.
  • Orchard and vineyard yieldYield curve by tree ageBearing hectares and tonnes harvested from each block as trees or vines mature, alternate-bear and age.
  • Fruit, nut and grape salesProduction × farmgate priceRevenue from each block's crop — saleable fruit by grade and market × price.
  • Orchard growing and harvest costsPer hectare plus harvest and packing per tonneCosts of growing, harvesting and packing each block's crop.
  • Bearer plants (trees and vines)Capitalise development until maturityTrees and vines are property, plant and equipment (AASB 116) — development costs are capitalised until commercial production, then depreciated over the productive life.
Key numbers

The numbers it tracks.

  1. 01tonnes per bearing hectare
  2. 02packout %
  3. 03cost per kg
  4. 04EBITDA per planted hectare
  5. 05bearer plant value
  6. 06share of hectares not yet bearing
Used for

What it is used for.

Also used for
  • Closed-end fund, syndicate or trust
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Every agriculture and food model

Looking for an orchard and vineyard financial model template? Ours arrives built for your business, with your figures in it.

See a finished model, sheet by sheet

The sample is built on illustrative figures and describes no real business. Models are calculations prepared from the information you provide. They are not financial advice and must be independently verified. See our terms.